23种设计模式详解

public class Prototype implements Cloneable, Serializable {  
  
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;  
    private String string;  
    private SerializableObject obj;  
  
    /* 浅复制 */  
    public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {  
        Prototype proto = (Prototype) super.clone();  
        return proto;  
    }  
  
    /* 深复制 */  
    public Object deepClone() throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {  
  
        /* 写入当前对象的二进制流 */  
        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();  
        ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bos);  
        oos.writeObject(this);  
  
        /* 读出二进制流产生的新对象 */  
        ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(bos.toByteArray());  
        ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(bis);  
        return ois.readObject();  
    }  
  
    public String getString() {  
        return string;  
    }  
  
    public void setString(String string) {  
        this.string = string;  
    }  
  
    public SerializableObject getObj() {  
        return obj;  
    }  
  
    public void setObj(SerializableObject obj) {  
        this.obj = obj;  
    }  
}  
  
class SerializableObject implements Serializable {  
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;  
}  

//只需要修改Adapter类的源码即可：

public class Wrapper implements Targetable {  
  
    private Source source;  
      
    public Wrapper(Source source){  
        super();  
        this.source = source;  
    }  
    @Override  
    public void method2() {  
        System.out.println("this is the targetable method!");  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void method1() {  
        source.method1();  
    }  
}  
//测试类：

public class AdapterTest {  
  
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        Source source = new Source();  
        Targetable target = new Wrapper(source);  
        target.method1();  
        target.method2();  
    }  
}  

//我们先看下实现类：

public class CPU {  
      
    public void startup(){  
        System.out.println("cpu startup!");  
    }  
      
    public void shutdown(){  
        System.out.println("cpu shutdown!");  
    }  
}  

public class Memory {  
      
    public void startup(){  
        System.out.println("memory startup!");  
    }  
      
    public void shutdown(){  
        System.out.println("memory shutdown!");  
    }  
}  

public class Disk {  
      
    public void startup(){  
        System.out.println("disk startup!");  
    }  
      
    public void shutdown(){  
        System.out.println("disk shutdown!");  
    }  
}  

public class Computer {  
    private CPU cpu;  
    private Memory memory;  
    private Disk disk;  
      
    public Computer(){  
        cpu = new CPU();  
        memory = new Memory();  
        disk = new Disk();  
    }  
      
    public void startup(){  
        System.out.println("start the computer!");  
        cpu.startup();  
        memory.startup();  
        disk.startup();  
        System.out.println("start computer finished!");  
    }  
      
    public void shutdown(){  
        System.out.println("begin to close the computer!");  
        cpu.shutdown();  
        memory.shutdown();  
        disk.shutdown();  
        System.out.println("computer closed!");  
    }  
}  
//User类如下：

public class User {  
  
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        Computer computer = new Computer();  
        computer.startup();  
        computer.shutdown();  
    }  
}  

//先定义接口：

public interface Sourceable {  
    public void method();  
}  
//分别定义两个实现类：

public class SourceSub1 implements Sourceable {  
  
    @Override  
    public void method() {  
        System.out.println("this is the first sub!");  
    }  
}  

public class SourceSub2 implements Sourceable {  
  
    @Override  
    public void method() {  
        System.out.println("this is the second sub!");  
    }  
}  
//定义一个桥，持有Sourceable的一个实例：

public abstract class Bridge {  
    private Sourceable source;  
  
    public void method(){  
        source.method();  
    }  
      
    public Sourceable getSource() {  
        return source;  
    }  
  
    public void setSource(Sourceable source) {  
        this.source = source;  
    }  
}  

public class MyBridge extends Bridge {  
    public void method(){  
        getSource().method();  
    }  
}  
//测试类：

public class BridgeTest {  
      
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
          
        Bridge bridge = new MyBridge();  
          
        /*调用第一个对象*/  
        Sourceable source1 = new SourceSub1();  
        bridge.setSource(source1);  
        bridge.method();  
          
        /*调用第二个对象*/  
        Sourceable source2 = new SourceSub2();  
        bridge.setSource(source2);  
        bridge.method();  
    }  
}  

//首先统一接口：

public interface ICalculator {  
    public int calculate(String exp);  
}  
//辅助类：

public abstract class AbstractCalculator {  
      
    public int[] split(String exp,String opt){  
        String array[] = exp.split(opt);  
        int arrayInt[] = new int[2];  
        arrayInt[0] = Integer.parseInt(array[0]);  
        arrayInt[1] = Integer.parseInt(array[1]);  
        return arrayInt;  
    }  
}  
//三个实现类：

public class Plus extends AbstractCalculator implements ICalculator {  
  
    @Override  
    public int calculate(String exp) {  
        int arrayInt[] = split(exp,"\\+");  
        return arrayInt[0]+arrayInt[1];  
    }  
}  

public class Minus extends AbstractCalculator implements ICalculator {  
  
    @Override  
    public int calculate(String exp) {  
        int arrayInt[] = split(exp,"-");  
        return arrayInt[0]-arrayInt[1];  
    }  
  
}  

public class Multiply extends AbstractCalculator implements ICalculator {  
  
    @Override  
    public int calculate(String exp) {  
        int arrayInt[] = split(exp,"\\*");  
        return arrayInt[0]*arrayInt[1];  
    }  
}  
//简单的测试类：

public class StrategyTest {  
  
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        String exp = "2+8";  
        ICalculator cal = new Plus();  
        int result = cal.calculate(exp);  
        System.out.println(result);  
    }  
}  

//一个Observer接口：

public interface Observer {  
    public void update();  
}  
//两个实现类：

public class Observer1 implements Observer {  
  
    @Override  
    public void update() {  
        System.out.println("observer1 has received!");  
    }  
}  

public class Observer2 implements Observer {  
  
    @Override  
    public void update() {  
        System.out.println("observer2 has received!");  
    }  
  
}  
//Subject接口及实现类：

public interface Subject {  
      
    /*增加观察者*/  
    public void add(Observer observer);  
      
    /*删除观察者*/  
    public void del(Observer observer);  
      
    /*通知所有的观察者*/  
    public void notifyObservers();  
      
    /*自身的操作*/  
    public void operation();  
}  

public abstract class AbstractSubject implements Subject {  
  
    private Vector<Observer> vector = new Vector<Observer>();  
    @Override  
    public void add(Observer observer) {  
        vector.add(observer);  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void del(Observer observer) {  
        vector.remove(observer);  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void notifyObservers() {  
        Enumeration<Observer> enumo = vector.elements();  
        while(enumo.hasMoreElements()){  
            enumo.nextElement().update();  
        }  
    }  
}  

public class MySubject extends AbstractSubject {  
  
    @Override  
    public void operation() {  
        System.out.println("update self!");  
        notifyObservers();  
    }  
  
}  

//测试类：

public class ObserverTest {  
  
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        Subject sub = new MySubject();  
        sub.add(new Observer1());  
        sub.add(new Observer2());  
          
        sub.operation();  
    }  
  
}  

//两个接口：

public interface Collection {  
      
    public Iterator iterator();  
      
    /*取得集合元素*/  
    public Object get(int i);  
      
    /*取得集合大小*/  
    public int size();  
}  

public interface Iterator {  
    //前移  
    public Object previous();  
      
    //后移  
    public Object next();  
    public boolean hasNext();  
      
    //取得第一个元素  
    public Object first();  
}  
//两个实现：

public class MyCollection implements Collection {  
  
    public String string[] = {"A","B","C","D","E"};  
    @Override  
    public Iterator iterator() {  
        return new MyIterator(this);  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public Object get(int i) {  
        return string[i];  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public int size() {  
        return string.length;  
    }  
}  

public class MyIterator implements Iterator {  
  
    private Collection collection;  
    private int pos = -1;  
      
    public MyIterator(Collection collection){  
        this.collection = collection;  
    }  
      
    @Override  
    public Object previous() {  
        if(pos > 0){  
            pos--;  
        }  
        return collection.get(pos);  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public Object next() {  
        if(pos<collection.size()-1){  
            pos++;  
        }  
        return collection.get(pos);  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public boolean hasNext() {  
        if(pos<collection.size()-1){  
            return true;  
        }else{  
            return false;  
        }  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public Object first() {  
        pos = 0;  
        return collection.get(pos);  
    }  
  
}  
//测试类：

public class Test {  
  
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        Collection collection = new MyCollection();  
        Iterator it = collection.iterator();  
          
        while(it.hasNext()){  
            System.out.println(it.next());  
        }  
    }  
}  

public class AudioPlayer {
    
    public void play(){
        System.out.println("播放...");
    }
    
    public void rewind(){
        System.out.println("倒带...");
    }
    
    public void stop(){
        System.out.println("停止...");
    }
}

public interface Command {
    /**
     * 执行方法
     */
    public void execute();
}

public class PlayCommand implements Command {

    private AudioPlayer myAudio;
    
    public PlayCommand(AudioPlayer audioPlayer){
        myAudio = audioPlayer;
    }
    /**
     * 执行方法
     */
    @Override
    public void execute() {
        myAudio.play();
    }

}

public class RewindCommand implements Command {

    private AudioPlayer myAudio;
    
    public RewindCommand(AudioPlayer audioPlayer){
        myAudio = audioPlayer;
    }
    @Override
    public void execute() {
        myAudio.rewind();
    }

}

public class StopCommand implements Command {
    private AudioPlayer myAudio;
    
    public StopCommand(AudioPlayer audioPlayer){
        myAudio = audioPlayer;
    }
    @Override
    public void execute() {
        myAudio.stop();
    }

}

public class Keypad {
    private Command playCommand;
    private Command rewindCommand;
    private Command stopCommand;
    
    public void setPlayCommand(Command playCommand) {
        this.playCommand = playCommand;
    }
    public void setRewindCommand(Command rewindCommand) {
        this.rewindCommand = rewindCommand;
    }
    public void setStopCommand(Command stopCommand) {
        this.stopCommand = stopCommand;
    }
    /**
     * 执行播放方法
     */
    public void play(){
        playCommand.execute();
    }
    /**
     * 执行倒带方法
     */
    public void rewind(){
        rewindCommand.execute();
    }
    /**
     * 执行播放方法
     */
    public void stop(){
        stopCommand.execute();
    }
}

public class Julia {
    public static void main(String[]args){
        //创建接收者对象
        AudioPlayer audioPlayer = new AudioPlayer();
        //创建命令对象
        Command playCommand = new PlayCommand(audioPlayer);
        Command rewindCommand = new RewindCommand(audioPlayer);
        Command stopCommand = new StopCommand(audioPlayer);
        //创建请求者对象
        Keypad keypad = new Keypad();
        keypad.setPlayCommand(playCommand);
        keypad.setRewindCommand(rewindCommand);
        keypad.setStopCommand(stopCommand);
        //测试
        keypad.play();
        keypad.rewind();
        keypad.stop();
        keypad.play();
        keypad.stop();
    }
}

public class Originator {

    private List<String> states;
    //检查点指数
    private int index;
    /**
     * 构造函数
     */
    public Originator(){
        states = new ArrayList<String>();
        index = 0;
    }
    /**
     * 工厂方法，返还一个新的备忘录对象
     */
    public Memento createMemento(){
        return new Memento(states , index);
    }
    /**
     * 将发起人恢复到备忘录对象记录的状态上
     */
    public void restoreMemento(Memento memento){
        states = memento.getStates();
        index = memento.getIndex();
    }
    /**
     * 状态的赋值方法
     */
    public void setState(String state){
        states.add(state);
        index++;
    }
    /**
     * 辅助方法，打印所有状态
     */
    public void printStates(){
        
        for(String state : states){
            System.out.println(state);
        }
    }
}

public class Memento {

    private List<String> states;
    private int index;
    /**
     * 构造函数
     */
    public Memento(List<String> states , int index){
        this.states = new ArrayList<String>(states);
        this.index = index;
    }
    public List<String> getStates() {
        return states;
    }
    public int getIndex() {
        return index;
    }
    
}

public class Caretaker {

    private Originator o;
    private List<Memento> mementos = new ArrayList<Memento>();
    private int current;
    /**
     * 构造函数
     */
    public Caretaker(Originator o){
        this.o = o;
        current = 0;
    }
    /**
     * 创建一个新的检查点
     */
    public int createMemento(){
        Memento memento = o.createMemento();
        mementos.add(memento);
        return current++;
    }
    /**
     * 将发起人恢复到某个检查点
     */
    public void restoreMemento(int index){
        Memento memento = mementos.get(index);
        o.restoreMemento(memento);
    }
    /**
     * 将某个检查点删除
     */
    public void removeMemento(int index){
        mementos.remove(index);
    }
}

public class Client {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        
        Originator o = new Originator();
        Caretaker c = new Caretaker(o);
        //改变状态
        o.setState("state 0");
        //建立一个检查点
        c.createMemento();
        //改变状态
        o.setState("state 1");
        //建立一个检查点
        c.createMemento();
        //改变状态
        o.setState("state 2");
        //建立一个检查点
        c.createMemento();
        //改变状态
        o.setState("state 3");
        //建立一个检查点
        c.createMemento();
        //打印出所有检查点
        o.printStates();
        System.out.println("-----------------恢复检查点-----------------");
        //恢复到第二个检查点
        c.restoreMemento(2);
        //打印出所有检查点
        o.printStates();
    }

}

public interface VoteState {
    /**
     * 处理状态对应的行为
     * @param user    投票人
     * @param voteItem    投票项
     * @param voteManager    投票上下文，用来在实现状态对应的功能处理的时候，
     *                         可以回调上下文的数据
     */
    public void vote(String user,String voteItem,VoteManager voteManager);
}

public class NormalVoteState implements VoteState {

    @Override
    public void vote(String user, String voteItem, VoteManager voteManager) {
        //正常投票，记录到投票记录中
        voteManager.getMapVote().put(user, voteItem);
        System.out.println("恭喜投票成功");
    }

}

public class RepeatVoteState implements VoteState {

    @Override
    public void vote(String user, String voteItem, VoteManager voteManager) {
        //重复投票，暂时不做处理
        System.out.println("请不要重复投票");
    }

}

public class SpiteVoteState implements VoteState {

    @Override
    public void vote(String user, String voteItem, VoteManager voteManager) {
        // 恶意投票，取消用户的投票资格，并取消投票记录
        String str = voteManager.getMapVote().get(user);
        if(str != null){
            voteManager.getMapVote().remove(user);
        }
        System.out.println("你有恶意刷屏行为，取消投票资格");
    }

}

public class BlackVoteState implements VoteState {

    @Override
    public void vote(String user, String voteItem, VoteManager voteManager) {
        //记录黑名单中，禁止登录系统
        System.out.println("进入黑名单，将禁止登录和使用本系统");
    }

}

public class VoteManager {
    //持有状体处理对象
    private VoteState state = null;
    //记录用户投票的结果，Map<String,String>对应Map<用户名称，投票的选项>
    private Map<String,String> mapVote = new HashMap<String,String>();
    //记录用户投票次数，Map<String,Integer>对应Map<用户名称，投票的次数>
    private Map<String,Integer> mapVoteCount = new HashMap<String,Integer>();
    /**
     * 获取用户投票结果的Map
     */
    public Map<String, String> getMapVote() {
        return mapVote;
    }
    /**
     * 投票
     * @param user    投票人
     * @param voteItem    投票的选项
     */
    public void vote(String user,String voteItem){
        //1.为该用户增加投票次数
        //从记录中取出该用户已有的投票次数
        Integer oldVoteCount = mapVoteCount.get(user);
        if(oldVoteCount == null){
            oldVoteCount = 0;
        }
        oldVoteCount += 1;
        mapVoteCount.put(user, oldVoteCount);
        //2.判断该用户的投票类型，就相当于判断对应的状态
        //到底是正常投票、重复投票、恶意投票还是上黑名单的状态
        if(oldVoteCount == 1){
            state = new NormalVoteState();
        }
        else if(oldVoteCount > 1 && oldVoteCount < 5){
            state = new RepeatVoteState();
        }
        else if(oldVoteCount >= 5 && oldVoteCount <8){
            state = new SpiteVoteState();
        }
        else if(oldVoteCount > 8){
            state = new BlackVoteState();
        }
        //然后转调状态对象来进行相应的操作
        state.vote(user, voteItem, this);
    }
}

public class Client {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        
        VoteManager vm = new VoteManager();
        for(int i=0;i<9;i++){
            vm.vote("u1","A");
        }
    }

}

public abstract class Colleague {
    //持有一个调停者对象
    private Mediator mediator;
    /**
     * 构造函数
     */
    public Colleague(Mediator mediator){
        this.mediator = mediator;
    }
    /**
     * 获取当前同事类对应的调停者对象
     */
    public Mediator getMediator() {
        return mediator;
    }
}

public class CDDriver extends Colleague{
    //光驱读取出来的数据
    private String data = "";
    /**
     * 构造函数
     */
    public CDDriver(Mediator mediator) {
        super(mediator);
    }
    /**
     * 获取光盘读取出来的数据
     */
    public String getData() {
        return data;
    }
    /**
     * 读取光盘
     */
    public void readCD(){
        //逗号前是视频显示的数据，逗号后是声音
        this.data = "One Piece,海贼王我当定了";
        //通知主板，自己的状态发生了改变
        getMediator().changed(this);
    }
}

public class CPU extends Colleague {
    //分解出来的视频数据
    private String videoData = "";
    //分解出来的声音数据
    private String soundData = "";
    /**
     * 构造函数
     */
    public CPU(Mediator mediator) {
        super(mediator);
    }
    /**
     * 获取分解出来的视频数据
     */
    public String getVideoData() {
        return videoData;
    }
    /**
     * 获取分解出来的声音数据
     */
    public String getSoundData() {
        return soundData;
    }
    /**
     * 处理数据，把数据分成音频和视频的数据
     */
    public void executeData(String data){
        //把数据分解开，前面是视频数据，后面是音频数据
        String[] array = data.split(",");
        this.videoData = array[0];
        this.soundData = array[1];
        //通知主板，CPU完成工作
        getMediator().changed(this);
    }
    
}

public class VideoCard extends Colleague {
    /**
     * 构造函数
     */
    public VideoCard(Mediator mediator) {
        super(mediator);
    }
    /**
     * 显示视频数据
     */
    public void showData(String data){
        System.out.println("您正在观看的是：" + data);
    }
}

public class SoundCard extends Colleague {
    /**
     * 构造函数
     */
    public SoundCard(Mediator mediator) {
        super(mediator);
    }
    /**
     * 按照声频数据发出声音
     */
    public void soundData(String data){
        System.out.println("画外音：" + data);
    }
}

public interface Mediator {
    /**
     * 同事对象在自身改变的时候来通知调停者方法
     * 让调停者去负责相应的与其他同事对象的交互
     */
    public void changed(Colleague c);
}

public class MainBoard implements Mediator {
    //需要知道要交互的同事类——光驱类
    private CDDriver cdDriver = null;
    //需要知道要交互的同事类——CPU类
    private CPU cpu = null;
    //需要知道要交互的同事类——显卡类
    private VideoCard videoCard = null;
    //需要知道要交互的同事类——声卡类
    private SoundCard soundCard = null;
    
    public void setCdDriver(CDDriver cdDriver) {
        this.cdDriver = cdDriver;
    }

    public void setCpu(CPU cpu) {
        this.cpu = cpu;
    }

    public void setVideoCard(VideoCard videoCard) {
        this.videoCard = videoCard;
    }

    public void setSoundCard(SoundCard soundCard) {
        this.soundCard = soundCard;
    }

    @Override
    public void changed(Colleague c) {
        if(c instanceof CDDriver){
            //表示光驱读取数据了
            this.opeCDDriverReadData((CDDriver)c);
        }else if(c instanceof CPU){
            this.opeCPU((CPU)c);
        }
    }
    /**
     * 处理光驱读取数据以后与其他对象的交互
     */
    private void opeCDDriverReadData(CDDriver cd){
        //先获取光驱读取的数据
        String data = cd.getData();
        //把这些数据传递给CPU进行处理
        cpu.executeData(data);
    }
    /**
     * 处理CPU处理完数据后与其他对象的交互
     */
    private void opeCPU(CPU cpu){
        //先获取CPU处理后的数据
        String videoData = cpu.getVideoData();
        String soundData = cpu.getSoundData();
        //把这些数据传递给显卡和声卡展示出来
        videoCard.showData(videoData);
        soundCard.soundData(soundData);
    }
}

public class Client {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建调停者——主板
        MainBoard mediator = new MainBoard();
        //创建同事类
        CDDriver cd = new CDDriver(mediator);
        CPU cpu = new CPU(mediator);
        VideoCard vc = new VideoCard(mediator);
        SoundCard sc = new SoundCard(mediator);
        //让调停者知道所有同事
        mediator.setCdDriver(cd);
        mediator.setCpu(cpu);
        mediator.setVideoCard(vc);
        mediator.setSoundCard(sc);
        //开始看电影，把光盘放入光驱，光驱开始读盘
        cd.readCD();
        
    }

}

public abstract class Expression {
    /**
     * 以环境为准，本方法解释给定的任何一个表达式
     */
    public abstract boolean interpret(Context ctx);
    /**
     * 检验两个表达式在结构上是否相同
     */
    public abstract boolean equals(Object obj);
    /**
     * 返回表达式的hash code
     */
    public abstract int hashCode();
    /**
     * 将表达式转换成字符串
     */
    public abstract String toString();
}

public class Constant extends Expression{
    
    private boolean value;

    public Constant(boolean value){
        this.value = value;
    }
    
    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        
        if(obj != null && obj instanceof Constant){
            return this.value == ((Constant)obj).value;
        }
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return this.toString().hashCode();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean interpret(Context ctx) {
        
        return value;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return new Boolean(value).toString();
    }
    
}

public class Variable extends Expression {

    private String name;

    public Variable(String name){
        this.name = name;
    }
    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        
        if(obj != null && obj instanceof Variable)
        {
            return this.name.equals(
                    ((Variable)obj).name);
        }
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return this.toString().hashCode();
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return name;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean interpret(Context ctx) {
        return ctx.lookup(this);
    }

}

public class And extends Expression {

    private Expression left,right;
    
    public And(Expression left , Expression right){
        this.left = left;
        this.right = right;
    }
    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        if(obj != null && obj instanceof And)
        {
            return left.equals(((And)obj).left) &&
                right.equals(((And)obj).right);
        }
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return this.toString().hashCode();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean interpret(Context ctx) {
        
        return left.interpret(ctx) && right.interpret(ctx);
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "(" + left.toString() + " AND " + right.toString() + ")";
    }

}

public class Or extends Expression {
    private Expression left,right;

    public Or(Expression left , Expression right){
        this.left = left;
        this.right = right;
    }
    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        if(obj != null && obj instanceof Or)
        {
            return this.left.equals(((Or)obj).left) && this.right.equals(((Or)obj).right);
        }
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return this.toString().hashCode();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean interpret(Context ctx) {
        return left.interpret(ctx) || right.interpret(ctx);
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "(" + left.toString() + " OR " + right.toString() + ")";
    }

}

public class Not extends Expression {

    private Expression exp;
    
    public Not(Expression exp){
        this.exp = exp;
    }
    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        if(obj != null && obj instanceof Not)
        {
            return exp.equals(
                    ((Not)obj).exp);
        }
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return this.toString().hashCode();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean interpret(Context ctx) {
        return !exp.interpret(ctx);
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "(Not " + exp.toString() + ")";
    }

}

public class Context {

    private Map<Variable,Boolean> map = new HashMap<Variable,Boolean>();
    
    public void assign(Variable var , boolean value){
        map.put(var, new Boolean(value));
    }
    
    public boolean lookup(Variable var) throws IllegalArgumentException{
        Boolean value = map.get(var);
        if(value == null){
            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        }
        return value.booleanValue();
    }
}

public class Client {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Context ctx = new Context();
        Variable x = new Variable("x");
        Variable y = new Variable("y");
        Constant c = new Constant(true);
        ctx.assign(x, false);
        ctx.assign(y, true);
        
        Expression exp = new Or(new And(c,x) , new And(y,new Not(x)));
        System.out.println("x=" + x.interpret(ctx));
        System.out.println("y=" + y.interpret(ctx));
        System.out.println(exp.toString() + "=" + exp.interpret(ctx));
    }

}