Go编译原理之函数内联

import "testing"
//go:noinline //禁用内联。如果要开启内联，将该行注释去掉即可
func max(a, b int) int {
	if a > b {
		return a
	}
	return b
}
var Result int
func BenchmarkMax(b *testing.B)  {
	var r int
	for i:=0; i< b.N; i++ {
		r = max(-1, i)
	}
	Result = r
}

go build -gcflags="-l" xxx.go
go tool compile -l xxx.go

go tool compile -m=2 xxx.go

package main
func test1(a, b int) int {
	return a+b
}
func step(n int) int {
	if n < 2 {
		return n
	}
	return step(n-1) + step(n-2)
}
func main()  {
	test1(1, 2)
	step(5)
}

Go编译入口文件：src/cmd/compile/main.go -> gc.Main(archInit)
// Phase 5: Inlining
if Debug.l != 0 {
		// 查找可以内联的函数
		visitBottomUp(xtop, func(list []*Node, recursive bool) {
			numfns := numNonClosures(list)
			for _, n := range list {
				if !recursive || numfns > 1 {
					caninl(n)
				} else {
					......
				}
				inlcalls(n)
			}
		})
	}
	for _, n := range xtop {
		if n.Op == ODCLFUNC {
			devirtualize(n)
		}
	}

func visitBottomUp(list []*Node, analyze func(list []*Node, recursive bool)) {
	var v bottomUpVisitor
	v.analyze = analyze
	v.nodeID = make(map[*Node]uint32)
	for _, n := range list {
		if n.Op == ODCLFUNC && !n.Func.IsHiddenClosure() { //是函数，并且不是闭包函数
			v.visit(n)
		}
	}
}

func (v *bottomUpVisitor) visit(n *Node) uint32 {
	if id := v.nodeID[n]; id > 0 {
		// already visited
		return id
	}
	......
	v.stack = append(v.stack, n)
	inspectList(n.Nbody, func(n *Node) bool {
		switch n.Op {
		case ONAME:
			if n.Class() == PFUNC {
				......
			}
		case ODOTMETH:
			fn := asNode(n.Type.Nname())
			......
			}
		case OCALLPART:
			fn := asNode(callpartMethod(n).Type.Nname())
			......
		case OCLOSURE:
			if m := v.visit(n.Func.Closure); m < min {
				min = m
			}
		}
		return true
	})
		v.analyze(block, recursive)
	}
	return min
}

func caninl(fn *Node) {
	if fn.Op != ODCLFUNC {
		Fatalf("caninl %v", fn)
	}
	if fn.Func.Nname == nil {
		Fatalf("caninl no nname %+v", fn)
	}
	var reason string // reason, if any, that the function was not inlined
	......
	// If marked "go:noinline", don't inline
	if fn.Func.Pragma&Noinline != 0 {
		reason = "marked go:noinline"
		return
	}
	// If marked "go:norace" and -race compilation, don't inline.
	if flag_race && fn.Func.Pragma&Norace != 0 {
		reason = "marked go:norace with -race compilation"
		return
	}
	......
	// If fn has no body (is defined outside of Go), cannot inline it.
	if fn.Nbody.Len() == 0 {
		reason = "no function body"
		return
	}
	visitor := hairyVisitor{
		budget:        inlineMaxBudget,
		extraCallCost: cc,
		usedLocals:    make(map[*Node]bool),
	}
	if visitor.visitList(fn.Nbody) {
		reason = visitor.reason
		return
	}
	if visitor.budget < 0 {
		reason = fmt.Sprintf("function too complex: cost %d exceeds budget %d", inlineMaxBudget-visitor.budget, inlineMaxBudget)
		return
	}
	n.Func.Inl = &Inline{
		Cost: inlineMaxBudget - visitor.budget,
		Dcl:  inlcopylist(pruneUnusedAutos(n.Name.Defn.Func.Dcl, &visitor)),
		Body: inlcopylist(fn.Nbody.Slice()),
	}
	......
}

src/cmd/compile/internal/gc/inl.go