1、概念:必须理解按需引入
说白了就是在VUE页面中直接写,而且采用单独Import {} from ,然后在use的形式 。与之对应的就是一句话全部引入,或在man.js中配置部分重复功能综合使用。
import * as echarts from 'echarts/core'; import { TitleComponent, ToolboxComponent, TooltipComponent, GridComponent, DataZoomComponent } from 'echarts/components'; import { CustomChart } from 'echarts/charts'; import { CanvasRenderer } from 'echarts/renderers'; echarts.use([ TitleComponent, ToolboxComponent, TooltipComponent, GridComponent, DataZoomComponent, CustomChart, CanvasRenderer ]);
2、安装步骤
实际上有2种方式一种是npm,一种是按官网下载文件(echarts.js或echarts.mini.js)然后放入对应目录中再配置。这里推荐npm方式,因为不用去单独配置别的文件了。
①安装sass-loader :
选择 dart-sass 不选node sass (这步我开始跳过了,后来报错,因为有的例子使用了scss),我之前安装了node.js,采用下面命令直接安装:
npm install -g sass
②安装echarts:
npm install echarts --save
接下来就开始使用(如果例子中使用了$,那别忘记还要安装jquery)。
3、在.vue中直接使用:
①template区域给一个div,并署名id
<div id="main" style="width: 100%;height:80vh; "></div>
②script区域:
这里官网没有的,注意在该区域第一行就引入:
import { onMounted } from 'vue'
③script区域:
打开例子代码,官网例子中的按需导入和ESmode模式,如下图
拷贝从 import * as echarts from 'echarts/core'; 到 echarts.use([.. 段 的内容:
import * as echarts from 'echarts/core'; import { TitleComponent, ToolboxComponent, TooltipComponent, GridComponent, DataZoomComponent } from 'echarts/components'; import { CustomChart } from 'echarts/charts'; import { CanvasRenderer } from 'echarts/renderers'; echarts.use([ TitleComponent, ToolboxComponent, TooltipComponent, GridComponent, DataZoomComponent, CustomChart, CanvasRenderer ]);
④在export default 中写
setup(){ onMounted(()=>{ /*在这里写整理好的例子(具体怎么整理看⑤⑥⑦)*/ }) }
⑤先写自定义图和变量option等,比如:
var chartDom = document.getElementById('main'); var myChart = echarts.init(chartDom); var option; var HEIGHT_RATIO = 0.6; var DIM_CATEGORY_INDEX = 0; var DIM_TIME_ARRIVAL = 1; var DIM_TIME_DEPARTURE = 2; var DATA_ZOOM_AUTO_MOVE_THROTTLE = 30; var DATA_ZOOM_X_INSIDE_INDEX = 1; var DATA_ZOOM_Y_INSIDE_INDEX = 3; var DATA_ZOOM_AUTO_MOVE_SPEED = 0.2; var DATA_ZOOM_AUTO_MOVE_DETECT_AREA_WIDTH = 30; var _draggable; var _draggingEl; var _dropShadow; var _draggingCursorOffset = [0, 0]; var _draggingTimeLength; var _draggingRecord; var _dropRecord; var _cartesianXBounds = []; var _cartesianYBounds = []; var _rawData; var _autoDataZoomAnimator;
⑥再写好例子中的函数和定义的option(有的是makeOption函数),(不全部摘抄了,理解就行)
function renderGanttItem(params, api) { var categoryIndex = api.value(DIM_CATEGORY_INDEX); var timeArrival = api.coord([api.value(DIM_TIME_ARRIVAL), categoryIndex]); var timeDeparture = api.coord([api.value(DIM_TIME_DEPARTURE), categoryIndex]); var coordSys = params.coordSys; _cartesianXBounds[0] = coordSys.x; _cartesianXBounds[1] = coordSys.x + coordSys.width; _cartesianYBounds[0] = coordSys.y; _cartesianYBounds[1] = coordSys.y + coordSys.height; var barLength = timeDeparture[0] - timeArrival[0]; // Get the heigth corresponds to length 1 on y axis. var barHeight = api.size([0, 1])[1] * HEIGHT_RATIO; var x = timeArrival[0]; var y = timeArrival[1] - barHeight; var flightNumber = api.value(3) + ''; var flightNumberWidth = echarts.format.getTextRect(flightNumber).width; var text = barLength > flightNumberWidth + 40 && x + barLength >= 180 ? flightNumber : ''; var rectNormal = clipRectByRect(params, { x: x, y: y, width: barLength, height: barHeight }); var rectVIP = clipRectByRect(params, { x: x, y: y, width: barLength / 2, height: barHeight }); var rectText = clipRectByRect(params, { x: x, y: y, width: barLength, height: barHeight }); return { type: 'group', children: [ { type: 'rect', ignore: !rectNormal, shape: rectNormal, style: api.style() }, { type: 'rect', ignore: !rectVIP && !api.value(4), shape: rectVIP, style: api.style({ fill: '#ddb30b' }) }, { type: 'rect', ignore: !rectText, shape: rectText, style: api.style({ fill: 'transparent', stroke: 'transparent', text: text, textFill: '#fff' }) } ] }; }
option = { visualMap: { show: false, min: 0, max: 100, dimension: 1 }, legend: { data: rawData.counties, selectedMode: 'single', right: 100 }, grid: { left: 0, bottom: 0, containLabel: true, top: 80 }, xAxis: { type: 'value' }, yAxis: { type: 'value', scale: true }, toolbox: { feature: { dataZoom: {} } }, dataZoom: { type: 'inside' }, series: series };
⑦在onMounted 中的函数中的最后再写 绘制图的语句:
myChart.setOption(option);
4、为方便理解:
VUE文件中的全部代码示例如下:
<template> <div> <div style="width: 100%; height: 20vh"> <el-row :gutter="30"> <el-col :span="2"><div class="grid-content ep-bg-purple" /></el-col> <el-col :span="12"><div class="grid-content ep-bg-purple" style="padding-top: 30px"/> <el-dropdown size="large" split-button type="primary"> 越秀店 <template #dropdown> <el-dropdown-menu> <el-dropdown-item>番禺店 </el-dropdown-item> <el-dropdown-item>天河店</el-dropdown-item> <el-dropdown-item>珠江新城店</el-dropdown-item> <el-dropdown-item>南沙店</el-dropdown-item> </el-dropdown-menu> </template> </el-dropdown> </el-col> <el-col :span="8"><div class="grid-content ep-bg-purple" style="padding-top: 100px;"/> <el-row class="mb-4"> <el-button size ="normal" type="primary">全部</el-button> <el-button size ="normal" type="success">待排</el-button> <el-button size ="normal" type="info">待取</el-button> <el-button size ="normal" type="warning">待还</el-button> <el-button size ="normal" type="danger">调配</el-button> </el-row> </el-col> <!-- <el-col :span="0"><div class="grid-content ep-bg-purple" /></el-col>--> </el-row> </div> <div id="main" style="width: 100%;height:80vh; "></div> </div> </template> <script> import { onMounted } from 'vue' /*import $ from 'jquery'*/ import dayjs from 'dayjs' /****************** * *从这行开始往下可以复用***** * ********************/ // 核心模块 提供必要的一些方法 如init import * as echarts from 'echarts/core'; import { TitleComponent, TooltipComponent, GridComponent, DataZoomComponent } from 'echarts/components'; import { CustomChart } from 'echarts/charts'; import { CanvasRenderer } from 'echarts/renderers'; echarts.use([ TitleComponent, TooltipComponent, GridComponent, DataZoomComponent, CustomChart, CanvasRenderer ]); /************* * ***********到这完成引入,下面写变量、方法、绘制************ * ****************/ export default { name: "HomeView", components: { }, method:{ }, setup(){ onMounted(()=>{ // 基于准备好的dom,初始化echarts实例 var myChart = echarts.init(document.getElementById('main')); var option; //变量 var data = []; var dataCount = 10; var startTime = +new Date(); var categories = ['文具', '尺子', '橡皮']; var types = [ { name: 'JS Heap', color: '#7b9ce1' }, { name: 'Documents', color: '#bd6d6c' }, { name: 'Nodes', color: '#75d874' }, { name: 'Listeners', color: '#e0bc78' }, { name: 'GPU Memory', color: '#dc77dc' }, { name: 'GPU', color: '#72b362' } ]; //format 定义需要显示的格式 function dataFliter(val,format = "YYYY-MM-DD " // + "hh:mm:ss" + "" ){ return dayjs(val).format(format); } option = { tooltip: { formatter: function (params) { return params.marker + params.name + ': ' + params.value[3] + ' ms'; } }, title: { text: '文具汇总', left: 'center' }, dataZoom: [ { type: 'slider', filterMode: 'weakFilter', showDataShadow: false, top: 400, labelFormatter: '' }, { type: 'inside', filterMode: 'weakFilter' } ], grid: { height: 300 }, xAxis: { position:'top', min: startTime, scale: true, axisLabel: { formatter: function (val) { return Math.max(0, val - startTime) + ' ms'; } } }, yAxis: { data: categories }, series: [ { type: 'custom', renderItem: renderItem, itemStyle: { opacity: 0.8 }, encode: { x: [1, 2], y: 0 }, data: data } ] }; //方法 // Generate mock data categories.forEach(function (category, index) { var baseTime = startTime; for (var i = 0; i < dataCount; i++) { var typeItem = types[Math.round(Math.random() * (types.length - 1))]; // var duration = Math.round(Math.random() * 86400000); var duration = 86400000; data.push({ name: typeItem.name, value: [index, baseTime, (baseTime += duration), duration], itemStyle: { normal: { color: typeItem.color } } }); baseTime += Math.round(Math.random() * 2000); } }); function renderItem(params, api) { var categoryIndex = api.value(0); var start = api.coord([api.value(1), categoryIndex]); var end = api.coord([api.value(2), categoryIndex]); var height = api.size([0, 1])[1] * 0.6; var rectShape = echarts.graphic.clipRectByRect( { x: start[0], y: start[1] - height / 2, width: end[0] - start[0], height: height }, { x: params.coordSys.x, y: params.coordSys.y, width: params.coordSys.width, height: params.coordSys.height } ); return ( rectShape && { type: 'rect', transition: ['shape'], shape: rectShape, style: api.style() } ); } // 绘制图表 myChart.setOption(option); }) } } </script> <style scoped> </style>
5、遇到的问题:
①如果官网例子中使用到$:
记得要先安装jquery,可以采用npm安装,不然会报错
② 如果例子中使用了官网地址(主要是个json文件):
涉及到跨域的问题,我是把json放在项目文件中来解决的,分2步:
先把那个json文件放到public目录下(便于统一管理,且放在这里更符合规范)
然后在$ 中把拼接的地址直接换成/XXX.json
到这里你就可以用起来了,剩下的慢慢摸索属性,做出自己想要的图案,分享出来供大家参考,希望少走我走过的弯路。
总结
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